feat: CAM-based use case detection engine, decouple DENM from sensor triggers

Added: - UseCaseDetectionEngine: IMA-B, IMA-S, RTW-B, LTW-B, SMVA/BCW-B via per-station CAM history, yaw-rate/heading-trend turn detection, Info/Awareness/Warning alerts - Ego state from obu_gnss (~4Hz, yaw rate) with phone GPS fallback when stale - Human-readable alert narratives + technical detail in V2X Monitor - Settings > Use Case Alerts per-use-case toggles Fixed: - DENM no longer auto-fires on braking/stopping; manual-only (antenna/RSU test) - Removed unwired CamBuilder.kt (dead code, contradicted CAM-only architecture) - TripRecordingService no longer depends on MQTT/OBU connectivity
2026-07-02 15:04:34 +02:00
parent 4b20820ded
commit 7b8a8cbb32
19 changed files with 652 additions and 194 deletions
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />

    <!-- Location -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
@@ -21,6 +23,10 @@
    <!-- Keep CPU active while recording with screen off -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />

+    <!-- Allows prompting the user to exempt this app from battery optimization
+         so GPS callbacks are not throttled when the screen is off during a trip. -->
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS" />
+
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.sensor.accelerometer" android:required="false" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.sensor.gyroscope"     android:required="false" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.sensor.compass"       android:required="false" />
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 package com.hawhamburg.micr0bu

 import android.Manifest
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Bundle
+import android.provider.Settings
 import androidx.core.splashscreen.SplashScreen.Companion.installSplashScreen
 import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
 import androidx.activity.SystemBarStyle
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.ui.screens.MqttSettingsScreen
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.ui.screens.SensorsSettingsScreen
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.ui.screens.SettingsScreen
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.ui.screens.UnitsSettingsScreen
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.ui.screens.UseCaseAlertsSettingsScreen
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.ui.theme.MicrOBUTheme
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.MqttViewModel
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.SensorViewModel
@@ -74,7 +78,10 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
            val activeTransport          by mqttViewModel.activeTransport.collectAsState()
            val usbConnected             by mqttViewModel.usbConnected.collectAsState()
            val obuStationTypeWarning    by mqttViewModel.obuStationTypeWarning.collectAsState()
+            val obuStationType           by mqttViewModel.obuStationType.collectAsState()
            val tripServiceState         by tripViewModel.serviceState.collectAsState()
+            val showBatteryOptPrompt     by tripViewModel.showBatteryOptPrompt.collectAsState()
+            val useCaseEnabledMap        by mqttViewModel.useCaseEnabledMap.collectAsState()

            MicrOBUTheme(darkTheme = state.darkTheme) {
                val view = LocalView.current
@@ -128,6 +135,7 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
                                activeTransport = activeTransport,
                                usbCableConnected = usbConnected,
                                obuStationTypeWarning = obuStationTypeWarning,
+                                obuStationType = obuStationType,
                                onNavigateToConnection = { navController.navigate(Screen.Connection.route) },
                                onNavigateToSensors = {
                                    navController.navigate(Screen.Sensors.route) {
@@ -147,6 +155,7 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
                                state = state,
                                mqttConnectionState = mqttConnectionState,
                                tripServiceState = tripServiceState,
+                                showBatteryOptPrompt = showBatteryOptPrompt,
                                onToggleRecording = {
                                    // Start / stop both CSV recording and the event detection service
                                    viewModel.toggleRecording()
@@ -155,6 +164,15 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
                                onOpenSessionLog = {
                                    navController.navigate(Screen.Log.route)
                                },
+                                onOpenBatterySettings = {
+                                    startActivity(
+                                        Intent(Settings.ACTION_REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS).apply {
+                                            data = Uri.parse("package:$packageName")
+                                        }
+                                    )
+                                    tripViewModel.recheckBatteryOpt()
+                                },
+                                onDismissBatteryOptPrompt = tripViewModel::dismissBatteryOptPrompt,
                            )
                        }
                        composable(Screen.Log.route) {
@@ -205,10 +223,18 @@ class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
                                onOpenUnits      = { navController.navigate(Screen.SettingsUnits.route) },
                                onOpenConnection = { navController.navigate(Screen.SettingsConnection.route) },
                                onOpenMqtt       = { navController.navigate(Screen.SettingsMqtt.route) },
+                                onOpenUseCaseAlerts = { navController.navigate(Screen.SettingsUseCaseAlerts.route) },
                                onOpenDeveloper  = { navController.navigate(Screen.SettingsDeveloper.route) },
                                onOpenAbout      = { navController.navigate(Screen.SettingsAbout.route) },
                            )
                        }
+                        composable(Screen.SettingsUseCaseAlerts.route) {
+                            UseCaseAlertsSettingsScreen(
+                                enabledMap = useCaseEnabledMap,
+                                onToggle   = mqttViewModel::setUseCaseEnabled,
+                                onBack     = { navController.popBackStack() },
+                            )
+                        }
                        composable(Screen.SettingsConnection.route) {
                            ConnectionSettingsScreen(
                                mqttPrefs         = mqttPrefs,
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@ package com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data

 import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
+import android.net.Uri
 import androidx.core.content.FileProvider
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.RecordingSession
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import java.io.File
 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
 import java.util.Date
@@ -17,28 +20,34 @@ fun sessionFileName(session: RecordingSession): String =
        .replace(" ", "_").replace(":", "-")}.csv"

 /**
- * Returns the full CSV content for a session.
- * If stream-to-file data exists (v0.2.0+ recording) the real per-sample rows are returned.
- * Falls back to a metadata-only summary for older sessions.
+ * Shares the session CSV via Android's share sheet.
+ *
+ * Streams the on-disk data file directly to the cache without loading it into memory —
+ * avoids OOM for long sessions (1 hr+ at 50 Hz can exceed 100 MB as a String).
+ * Must be called from a coroutine; file I/O runs on [Dispatchers.IO].
 */
-fun readSessionCsvContent(context: Context, session: RecordingSession): String {
-    val dataFile = File(File(context.filesDir, "sessions"), "${session.id}.csv")
-    return if (dataFile.exists()) dataFile.readText() else buildSessionCsv(session)
-}
+suspend fun shareSessionCsv(context: Context, session: RecordingSession) {
+    val fileName  = sessionFileName(session)
+    val dataFile  = File(File(context.filesDir, "sessions"), "${session.id}.csv")
+    val cacheFile = File(context.cacheDir, fileName)

-fun shareSessionCsv(context: Context, session: RecordingSession) {
-    val fileName = sessionFileName(session)
-    val content  = readSessionCsvContent(context, session)
-
-    // Write to cache so FileProvider can serve it via ACTION_SEND
-    val file = File(context.cacheDir, fileName).also { it.writeText(content) }
+    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        if (dataFile.exists()) {
+            dataFile.inputStream().buffered().use { input ->
+                cacheFile.outputStream().buffered().use { output ->
+                    input.copyTo(output)
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            cacheFile.writeText(buildSessionCsv(session))
+        }
+    }

    val uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(
        context,
        "${context.packageName}.fileprovider",
-        file,
+        cacheFile,
    )
-
    val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND).apply {
        type = "text/csv"
        putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri)
@@ -48,6 +57,25 @@ fun shareSessionCsv(context: Context, session: RecordingSession) {
    context.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Export session"))
 }

+/**
+ * Streams the session CSV directly into a SAF [Uri] (from the "Save to device" picker).
+ *
+ * Same streaming approach as [shareSessionCsv] — no full-file String ever allocated.
+ * Must be called from a coroutine; file I/O runs on [Dispatchers.IO].
+ */
+suspend fun saveSessionCsvToUri(context: Context, session: RecordingSession, uri: Uri) {
+    val dataFile = File(File(context.filesDir, "sessions"), "${session.id}.csv")
+    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        context.contentResolver.openOutputStream(uri)?.buffered()?.use { output ->
+            if (dataFile.exists()) {
+                dataFile.inputStream().buffered().use { input -> input.copyTo(output) }
+            } else {
+                output.write(buildSessionCsv(session).toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /**
 * Metadata-only CSV fallback — used for sessions recorded before stream-to-file was implemented,
 * and by [readSessionCsvContent] when no data file is present on disk.
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-package com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt
-
-import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.GnssReading
-import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.ImuReading
-import org.json.JSONArray
-import org.json.JSONObject
-import kotlin.math.PI
-
-/**
- * MQTT topic used to inject a CAM message into the OBU.
- *
- * TODO: Confirm this topic with consider it GmbH / HAW Hamburg before production use.
- * The MQTT API v6 documentation only covers *received/processed* output topics
- * (v2x-uca/output/json/…). No inbound CAM injection topic is currently documented.
- * "v2x/tx/cam" is a reasonable candidate based on the naming convention; verify with
- * the OBU firmware team before using in production.
- */
-const val CAM_TX_TOPIC = "v2x/tx/cam"
-
-/**
- * Builds a CAM JSON payload for test transmission.
- *
- * The schema mirrors the processed RX format on [v2x-uca/output/json/cam] per MQTT API v6 §2.2.3,
- * adapted for outbound injection with phone sensor data.
- */
-object CamBuilder {
-
-    fun build(
-        gnss: GnssReading,
-        gyro: ImuReading?,
-        stationId: Long,
-    ): String {
-        // Gyroscope Z axis (rad/s) → yaw rate (deg/s)
-        val yawRateDps = gyro?.z?.let { it.toDouble() * (180.0 / PI) } ?: 0.0
-
-        return JSONObject().apply {
-            put("type", "v2x-cam")
-            put("stationId", stationId)
-            put("stationType", "cyclist")   // ETSI stationType = 2 (cyclist) mapped to string label
-            put("position", JSONObject().apply {
-                put("type", "Point")
-                // GeoJSON coordinate order: [longitude, latitude, altitude]
-                put("coordinates", JSONArray().apply {
-                    put(gnss.longitude)
-                    put(gnss.latitude)
-                    put(gnss.altitude)
-                })
-            })
-            put("heading_deg", gnss.bearingDeg.toDouble())
-            put("speed_mps", gnss.speedMs.toDouble())
-            put("yawRate_dps", yawRateDps)
-            put("vehicleRole", "default")
-            put("pathHistory", JSONArray())
-            put("positionError_stdDev", gnss.accuracyM.toDouble())
-        }.toString()
-    }
-}
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt

-import android.content.Context
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.transport.TransportType
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.transport.UsbNetworkDetector
-import dagger.hilt.android.qualifiers.ApplicationContext
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.denm.DENM_CTRL_TOPIC
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.denm.buildDenmPayload
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.first
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.stateIn
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.update
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import kotlin.coroutines.resumeWithException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.suspendCancellableCoroutine
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ import javax.inject.Inject
 import javax.inject.Singleton
 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage as PahoMqttMessage

+private const val MAX_MESSAGES_PER_TOPIC = 50
+
 private val SUBSCRIBED_TOPICS = listOf(
    "sys/state/heartbeat",
    "sys/state/cellular",
@@ -47,7 +50,6 @@ private val SUBSCRIBED_TOPICS = listOf(

@Singleton
 class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(
-    @ApplicationContext private val context: Context,
    private val prefs: MqttPreferences,
    private val usbDetector: UsbNetworkDetector,
 ) {
@@ -64,6 +66,12 @@ class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(
    )
    val messages: SharedFlow<MqttMessage> = _messages.asSharedFlow()

+    // Per-topic message log, kept here (singleton) so it survives even when no screen is
+    // collecting — e.g. DENM TX messages emitted by TripRecordingService while the V2X
+    // Monitor screen isn't open.
+    private val _topicMessages = MutableStateFlow<Map<String, List<MqttMessage>>>(emptyMap())
+    val topicMessages: StateFlow<Map<String, List<MqttMessage>>> = _topicMessages.asStateFlow()
+
    /** Active transport derived from persisted prefs. */
    val activeTransport: StateFlow<TransportType> = prefs.prefsFlow
        .map { p ->
@@ -75,6 +83,115 @@ class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(
    @Volatile private var activeClient: MqttAsyncClient? = null
    private var connectJob: Job? = null

+    // ── DENM use case state ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Shared between MqttViewModel (manual trigger) and TripRecordingService
+    // (automatic event-driven triggers). Only one use case may be active at a time.
+
+    private val _denmActive = MutableStateFlow(false)
+    val denmActive: StateFlow<Boolean> = _denmActive.asStateFlow()
+
+    private val _lastDenmPayload = MutableStateFlow<String?>(null)
+    val lastDenmPayload: StateFlow<String?> = _lastDenmPayload.asStateFlow()
+
+    private val _activeDenmUseCase = MutableStateFlow<String?>(null)
+    /** The use case id (e.g. "c2c-eebl") currently active on the OBU, if any. */
+    val activeDenmUseCase: StateFlow<String?> = _activeDenmUseCase.asStateFlow()
+
+    /**
+     * True if the last activate/deactivate couldn't reach the OBU because the link was down.
+     * Cleared once [resyncDenmOnReconnect] successfully republishes on the next connection.
+     */
+    @Volatile private var pendingDenmResync = false
+
+    init {
+        // Re-send the last DENM control message once the link comes back, so a use case
+        // triggered (or cleared) while the OBU was unreachable still takes effect.
+        scope.launch {
+            _connectionState.collect { state ->
+                if (state == MqttConnectionState.CONNECTED) resyncDenmOnReconnect()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Activate [useCaseId] on the OBU. No-op if a use case is already active
+     * (per spec, only one DENM use case may be active at a time).
+     * Local state updates regardless of connectivity — recording/event-detection never
+     * blocks on the OBU link; if the link is down, the activation is resent on reconnect.
+     * Returns true if the activation was recorded.
+     */
+    fun activateDenm(useCaseId: String): Boolean {
+        if (_denmActive.value) return false
+        val payload = buildDenmPayload(useCase = useCaseId, active = true)
+        _lastDenmPayload.value   = payload
+        _denmActive.value        = true
+        _activeDenmUseCase.value = useCaseId
+        sendDenmPayload(payload)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deactivate whatever DENM use case is currently active. No-op if none is active.
+     * Same offline-safe behaviour as [activateDenm] — resent on reconnect if needed.
+     */
+    fun deactivateDenm() {
+        if (!_denmActive.value) return
+        val useCaseId = _activeDenmUseCase.value ?: return
+        val payload = buildDenmPayload(useCase = useCaseId, active = false)
+        _lastDenmPayload.value   = payload
+        _denmActive.value        = false
+        _activeDenmUseCase.value = null
+        sendDenmPayload(payload)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Publishes [payload] immediately if the OBU link is up. If not, marks the state for
+     * resync so it's republished as soon as the connection is restored — no DENM control
+     * message is silently dropped.
+     */
+    private fun sendDenmPayload(payload: String) {
+        if (_connectionState.value == MqttConnectionState.CONNECTED) {
+            emitDenmTxMessage(payload)
+            publishRetained(DENM_CTRL_TOPIC, payload)
+        } else {
+            pendingDenmResync = true
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Republish the last DENM control message after reconnecting, if it never went out. */
+    private fun resyncDenmOnReconnect() {
+        if (!pendingDenmResync) return
+        pendingDenmResync = false
+        val payload = _lastDenmPayload.value ?: return
+        emitDenmTxMessage(payload)
+        publishRetained(DENM_CTRL_TOPIC, payload)
+    }
+
+    /** Inject a synthetic TX message into the message stream so it shows in the V2X Monitor. */
+    private fun emitDenmTxMessage(payload: String) {
+        recordMessage(
+            MqttMessage(
+                topic     = DENM_CTRL_TOPIC,
+                payload   = payload,
+                timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(),
+                direction = MessageDirection.TX,
+            )
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record a message into both the live [messages] stream (for screens currently open)
+     * and the persistent [topicMessages] log (survives even when no screen is collecting).
+     */
+    private fun recordMessage(msg: MqttMessage) {
+        _messages.tryEmit(msg)
+        _topicMessages.update { current ->
+            val updated = ((current[msg.topic] ?: emptyList()) + msg)
+                .takeLast(MAX_MESSAGES_PER_TOPIC)
+            current + (msg.topic to updated)
+        }
+    }
+
    // ── Public API ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    fun connect() {
@@ -93,22 +210,6 @@ class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(
        }
    }

-    /**
-     * Publish a message to [topic]. No-op when not connected.
-     * Uses QoS 0 (fire-and-forget) by default — suitable for test CAM frames.
-     */
-    fun publish(topic: String, payload: String, qos: Int = 0) {
-        val client = activeClient ?: return
-        if (!client.isConnected) return
-        scope.launch {
-            runCatching {
-                val msg = PahoMqttMessage(payload.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8))
-                msg.qos = qos
-                client.publish(topic, msg)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
    /**
     * Publish a retained message to [topic] at QoS 1. No-op when not connected.
     * The retain flag ensures the OBU's Use Case app receives it on (re)connect.
@@ -185,7 +286,7 @@ class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(
            override fun connectionLost(cause: Throwable?) { lostSignal.complete(cause) }

            override fun messageArrived(topic: String, message: PahoMqttMessage) {
-                _messages.tryEmit(
+                recordMessage(
                    MqttMessage(
                        topic     = topic,
                        payload   = message.payload.toString(Charsets.UTF_8),
@@ -210,15 +311,15 @@ class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(

            // Bind socket to the USB tethering interface only when the cable is present.
            // Without this, traffic would be routed over Wi-Fi even in USB-C mode.
-            if (usbActive) {
-                socketFactory = usbNet!!.socketFactory
+            if (isUsbC && usbNet != null) {
+                socketFactory = usbNet.socketFactory
            }
        }

        // Connect (bridge callback → coroutine)
        suspendCancellableCoroutine { cont ->
            client.connect(options, null, object : IMqttActionListener {
-                override fun onSuccess(token: IMqttToken) = cont.resume(Unit) {}
+                override fun onSuccess(token: IMqttToken) = cont.resumeWith(Result.success(Unit))
                override fun onFailure(token: IMqttToken, ex: Throwable) =
                    cont.resumeWithException(ex)
            })
@@ -230,7 +331,7 @@ class MqttRepository @Inject constructor(
        val qosArr    = IntArray(topicsArr.size) { 0 }
        suspendCancellableCoroutine { cont ->
            client.subscribe(topicsArr, qosArr, null, object : IMqttActionListener {
-                override fun onSuccess(token: IMqttToken) = cont.resume(Unit) {}
+                override fun onSuccess(token: IMqttToken) = cont.resumeWith(Result.success(Unit))
                override fun onFailure(token: IMqttToken, ex: Throwable) =
                    cont.resumeWithException(ex)
            })
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ class EventDetector(private val config: DetectionConfig = DetectionConfig()) {
    private var turningStartTime        = 0L
    private var turningBothAgreed       = false
    private var peakGyroTurning         = 0.0
+    private var turningEventFired       = false

    // ── Stopping state ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

@@ -169,12 +170,16 @@ class EventDetector(private val config: DetectionConfig = DetectionConfig()) {
                turningStartTime  = timestamp
                peakGyroTurning   = 0.0
                turningBothAgreed = false
+                turningEventFired = false
            }
            turningFrames++
            peakGyroTurning   = maxOf(peakGyroTurning, gyroMagnitude)
            if (gyroAbove && speedAbove && bearingAbove) turningBothAgreed = true

-            if (turningFrames == config.turningSustainedFrames) {
+            // Emit once per continuous turn. Without turningEventFired, a single turn that
+            // stays above threshold for longer than turningSustainedFrames would re-trigger
+            // every turningSustainedFrames frames (e.g. a 2 s turn at 20 frames/event = 5 events).
+            if (turningFrames >= config.turningSustainedFrames && !turningEventFired) {
                val confidence = if (turningBothAgreed) Confidence.HIGH else Confidence.LOW

                _events.tryEmit(
@@ -190,10 +195,11 @@ class EventDetector(private val config: DetectionConfig = DetectionConfig()) {
                        durationMs        = timestamp - turningStartTime,
                    )
                )
-                turningFrames = 0
+                turningEventFired = true
            }
        } else {
-            turningFrames = 0
+            turningFrames     = 0
+            turningEventFired = false
        }
    }

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import android.app.NotificationManager
 import android.app.PendingIntent
 import android.app.Service
 import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.pm.ServiceInfo
 import android.hardware.Sensor
 import android.hardware.SensorEvent
 import android.hardware.SensorEventListener
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import android.hardware.SensorManager
 import android.location.Location
 import android.os.IBinder
 import android.os.Looper
+import android.os.PowerManager
 import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
 import com.google.android.gms.location.FusedLocationProviderClient
 import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationCallback
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.db.AppDatabase
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.detection.DetectionConfig
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.detection.EventDetector
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.detection.EventType
+import dagger.hilt.android.AndroidEntryPoint
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
@@ -44,7 +47,16 @@ import kotlin.math.sqrt
 *  • Accelerometer + Gyroscope at [SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_GAME] (~50 Hz)
 *  • FusedLocationProviderClient at 1 Hz
 *  • Accel/gyro magnitudes + last GPS state → [EventDetector] → Room via [TripRepository]
+ *
+ * Per the requirements doc (Section 11), Phase A is independent of OBU connectivity — no
+ * cable, no MQTT broker, no hardware required — so this service has no MQTT/DENM dependency.
+ * Detected events are recorded for trip history/CSV only; a future phase will feed them into
+ * the CAM-based Use Case Detection Engine (`com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase`) as
+ * corroborating signals (Section 11.4). No DENM is triggered by detected events — the only
+ * way to send a DENM is the manual "Send Test DENM" button in the V2X Monitor screen, kept
+ * solely to verify the OBU↔RSU antenna link independent of any detected event.
 */
+@AndroidEntryPoint
 class TripRecordingService : Service() {

    // ── Constants ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -66,6 +78,11 @@ class TripRecordingService : Service() {
    private val serviceScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Default + serviceJob)
    private var timerJob: Job? = null

+    // Held only while a trip is actively recording — keeps the CPU alive for sensor
+    // and GPS callbacks when the screen is off. Released immediately on stop so the
+    // phone can sleep normally when the app is idle.
+    private var wakeLock: PowerManager.WakeLock? = null
+
    // ── Dependencies ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private lateinit var sensorManager: SensorManager
@@ -207,6 +224,14 @@ class TripRecordingService : Service() {
    // ── Trip control ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    private fun startTrip() {
+        // Keep the CPU awake for the duration of the trip so sensor and GPS callbacks
+        // are delivered reliably when the screen is off. Released in stopTrip().
+        val pm = getSystemService(POWER_SERVICE) as PowerManager
+        wakeLock = pm.newWakeLock(
+            PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK,
+            "micr0bu:TripRecording",
+        ).also { it.acquire() }
+
        detector.reset()
        brakingCount  = 0
        turningCount  = 0
@@ -272,11 +297,21 @@ class TripRecordingService : Service() {
        registerSensors()
        requestLocationUpdates()

-        // Start foreground ASAP (within 5 s required by Android)
-        startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification(0L, 0))
+        // Start foreground ASAP (within 5 s required by Android).
+        // Specify FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_LOCATION so Android 10+ knows why we need
+        // continuous location access, and so the notification is re-posted automatically
+        // if the user dismisses it (Android 13+ allows users to swipe foreground
+        // service notifications away, but the system re-shows them after ~1 s).
+        startForeground(
+            NOTIFICATION_ID,
+            buildNotification(0L),
+            ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_LOCATION,
+        )
    }

    private fun stopTrip() {
+        wakeLock?.let { if (it.isHeld) it.release() }
+        wakeLock = null
        timerJob?.cancel()
        unregisterSensors()
        removeLocationUpdates()
@@ -377,7 +412,7 @@ class TripRecordingService : Service() {
            .createNotificationChannel(channel)
    }

-    private fun buildNotification(elapsedSeconds: Long, eventCount: Int) =
+    private fun buildNotification(elapsedSeconds: Long) =
        NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
            .setContentTitle("Recording trip")
            .setContentText(
@@ -390,17 +425,22 @@ class TripRecordingService : Service() {
            .setContentIntent(
                PendingIntent.getActivity(
                    this, 0,
-                    Intent(this, MainActivity::class.java),
-                    PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE,
+                    Intent(this, MainActivity::class.java).apply {
+                        // Bring the existing activity to the front rather than
+                        // launching a second instance on top of the running one.
+                        flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP or
+                                Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP
+                    },
+                    PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE or PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT,
                )
            )
+            .setAutoCancel(false)
            .build()

    private fun updateNotification() {
        val elapsed = TripServiceBus.state.value.elapsedSeconds
-        val total   = brakingCount + turningCount + stoppingCount
        val nm = getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
-        nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification(elapsed, total))
+        nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification(elapsed))
    }

    private fun formatElapsed(seconds: Long): String {
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ sealed class Screen(val route: String, val labelRes: Int) {
    data object SettingsUnits      : Screen("settings/units",       R.string.settings_units)
    data object SettingsConnection : Screen("settings/connection",  R.string.settings_connection)
    data object SettingsMqtt       : Screen("settings/mqtt",        R.string.settings_mqtt_section)
+    data object SettingsUseCaseAlerts : Screen("settings/usecases", R.string.settings_usecase_alerts)
    data object SettingsDeveloper  : Screen("settings/developer",   R.string.settings_developer)
    data object SettingsAbout      : Screen("settings/about",       R.string.settings_about)
 }
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ fun DashboardScreen(
    activeTransport: TransportType = TransportType.USB_C,
    usbCableConnected: Boolean = false,
    obuStationTypeWarning: Boolean = false,
+    obuStationType: Int? = null,
    onNavigateToConnection: () -> Unit,
    onNavigateToSensors: () -> Unit,
    onNavigateToMap: () -> Unit,
@@ -195,7 +196,10 @@ fun DashboardScreen(
                        modifier = Modifier.size(16.dp),
                    )
                    Text(
-                        stringResource(R.string.dash_station_type_warning),
+                        buildString {
+                            append(stringResource(R.string.dash_station_type_warning))
+                            if (obuStationType != null) append(" (got $obuStationType)")
+                        },
                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
                        color = Color(0xFFFFC107),
                    )
@@ -65,6 +65,11 @@ import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.R
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MessageDirection
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttConnectionState
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttMessage
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.cam.CamParser
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.denm.DenmUseCase
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.AlertLevel
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.UseCaseAlert
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.UseCaseType
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.MqttViewModel
 import org.json.JSONArray
 import org.json.JSONException
@@ -86,6 +91,12 @@ private val DisconnectedGrayBg = Color(0xFF1C2733)
 private val DenmRed            = Color(0xFFE53935)
 private val DenmRedBg          = Color(0xFF3A0A0A)
 private val DenmAmber          = Color(0xFFFFC107)
+private val InfoBlue            = Color(0xFF64B5F6)
+private val InfoBlueBg          = Color(0xFF10243A)
+private val AwarenessAmber      = Color(0xFFFFC107)
+private val AwarenessAmberBg    = Color(0xFF3A2D00)
+private val WarningRed          = Color(0xFFE53935)
+private val WarningRedBg        = Color(0xFF3A0A0A)

@Composable
 fun MqttTopicViewerScreen(
@@ -97,6 +108,9 @@ fun MqttTopicViewerScreen(
    val autoScroll       by viewModel.autoScroll.collectAsState()
    val denmActive       by viewModel.denmActive.collectAsState()
    val lastDenmPayload  by viewModel.lastDenmPayload.collectAsState()
+    val activeDenmUseCase by viewModel.activeDenmUseCase.collectAsState()
+    val useCaseAlerts    by viewModel.useCaseAlerts.collectAsState()
+    val ownStationId     by viewModel.ownStationId.collectAsState()

    // Sort: sys/ topics first (heartbeat/health), then alphabetical
    val sortedTopics = topicMessages.keys.sortedWith(
@@ -172,14 +186,17 @@ fun MqttTopicViewerScreen(
                connectionState = connectionState,
                denmActive      = denmActive,
                lastDenmPayload = lastDenmPayload,
+                activeDenmUseCase = activeDenmUseCase,
+                useCaseAlerts   = useCaseAlerts,
                onSelectTopic   = { viewModel.selectTopic(it) },
                onSendDenm      = { viewModel.sendDenm() },
                onStopDenm      = { viewModel.stopDenm() },
            )
        } else {
            MessageDetailPane(
-                messages   = topicMessages[selectedTopic] ?: emptyList(),
-                autoScroll = autoScroll,
+                messages     = topicMessages[selectedTopic] ?: emptyList(),
+                autoScroll   = autoScroll,
+                ownStationId = ownStationId,
            )
        }
    }
@@ -194,6 +211,8 @@ private fun TopicListPane(
    connectionState: MqttConnectionState,
    denmActive: Boolean,
    lastDenmPayload: String?,
+    activeDenmUseCase: String?,
+    useCaseAlerts: List<UseCaseAlert>,
    onSelectTopic: (String) -> Unit,
    onSendDenm: () -> Unit,
    onStopDenm: () -> Unit,
@@ -202,11 +221,17 @@ private fun TopicListPane(

    Column(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {

-        // ── DENM TX Control card ────────────────────────────────────────────
+        // ── CAM-based Use Case Alert panel (Section 10.2 / 10.4) ─────────────
+        UseCaseAlertPanel(alerts = useCaseAlerts, isConnected = isConnected)
+
+        HorizontalDivider(color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.outline.copy(alpha = 0.25f))
+
+        // ── DENM TX Control card — manual/test trigger only, not use-case-driven ──
        DenmTxCard(
            isConnected     = isConnected,
            denmActive      = denmActive,
            lastDenmPayload = lastDenmPayload,
+            activeDenmUseCase = activeDenmUseCase,
            onSendDenm      = onSendDenm,
            onStopDenm      = onStopDenm,
        )
@@ -310,6 +335,7 @@ private fun TopicRow(
 private fun MessageDetailPane(
    messages: List<MqttMessage>,
    autoScroll: Boolean,
+    ownStationId: Long?,
 ) {
    if (messages.isEmpty()) {
        Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
@@ -331,18 +357,29 @@ private fun MessageDetailPane(

    LazyColumn(state = listState, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
        itemsIndexed(reversed, key = { index, msg -> "${msg.topic}-${msg.timestamp}-$index" }) { _, msg ->
-            MessageRow(msg)
+            MessageRow(msg, ownStationId)
            HorizontalDivider(color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.outline.copy(alpha = 0.2f))
        }
    }
 }

@Composable
-private fun MessageRow(msg: MqttMessage) {
-    // Show TX badge for all outbound messages; RX badge only on DENM topics
-    // (to avoid noisy badges on high-frequency CAM/SPAT traffic).
-    val showBadge = msg.direction == MessageDirection.TX ||
+private fun MessageRow(msg: MqttMessage, ownStationId: Long?) {
+    // CAM messages get an OWN/REMOTE badge instead of a TX/RX badge — that's the
+    // distinction the V2X Monitor and Use Case Alert panel actually care about (Section 10.4).
+    val isCamTopic = msg.topic.substringAfterLast('/') == "cam"
+    val camIsOwn: Boolean? = if (isCamTopic) {
+        remember(msg.payload, ownStationId) {
+            CamParser.parse(msg.payload, ownStationId, msg.timestamp)?.isOwn
+        }
+    } else null
+
+    // For non-CAM topics: show TX badge for all outbound messages; RX badge only on DENM
+    // topics (to avoid noisy badges on high-frequency SPAT/MAP/CPM traffic).
+    val showDirectionBadge = camIsOwn == null && (
+        msg.direction == MessageDirection.TX ||
        (msg.direction == MessageDirection.RX && msg.topic.contains("denm", ignoreCase = true))
+    )

    Column(
        modifier = Modifier
@@ -359,7 +396,8 @@ private fun MessageRow(msg: MqttMessage) {
                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
                fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace,
            )
-            if (showBadge) DirectionBadge(msg.direction)
+            if (camIsOwn != null) OwnRemoteBadge(isOwn = camIsOwn)
+            else if (showDirectionBadge) DirectionBadge(msg.direction)
        }
        Spacer(Modifier.height(4.dp))
        Box(
@@ -389,6 +427,7 @@ private fun DenmTxCard(
    isConnected: Boolean,
    denmActive: Boolean,
    lastDenmPayload: String?,
+    activeDenmUseCase: String?,
    onSendDenm: () -> Unit,
    onStopDenm: () -> Unit,
 ) {
@@ -450,7 +489,7 @@ private fun DenmTxCard(
                    shape = RoundedCornerShape(4.dp),
                ) {
                    Text(
-                        "hln-sv",
+                        activeDenmUseCase ?: DenmUseCase.STATIONARY.id,
                        style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
                        color = if (denmActive) DenmRed
                                else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
@@ -587,6 +626,129 @@ private fun DirectionBadge(direction: MessageDirection) {
    }
 }

+// ── OWN / REMOTE badge (CAM messages) ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@Composable
+private fun OwnRemoteBadge(isOwn: Boolean) {
+    val (text, fg, bg) = if (isOwn) {
+        Triple("OWN", ConnectedGreen, ConnectedGreenBg)
+    } else {
+        Triple("REMOTE", DenmAmber, Color(0xFF3A2D00))
+    }
+    Surface(color = bg, shape = RoundedCornerShape(3.dp)) {
+        Text(
+            text       = text,
+            style      = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+            color      = fg,
+            fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
+            fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace,
+            modifier   = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 4.dp, vertical = 1.dp),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+// ── CAM-based Use Case Alert panel ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@Composable
+private fun UseCaseAlertPanel(alerts: List<UseCaseAlert>, isConnected: Boolean) {
+    val topAlert = alerts.firstOrNull()
+    val cardBg = when (topAlert?.alertLevel) {
+        AlertLevel.WARNING   -> WarningRedBg
+        AlertLevel.AWARENESS -> AwarenessAmberBg
+        AlertLevel.INFO      -> InfoBlueBg
+        null                 -> MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant
+    }
+
+    Card(
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 8.dp),
+        colors = CardDefaults.cardColors(containerColor = cardBg),
+    ) {
+        Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(12.dp)) {
+            Text(
+                stringResource(R.string.mqtt_usecase_panel_title),
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelLarge,
+                fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface,
+            )
+            Spacer(Modifier.height(8.dp))
+
+            when {
+                !isConnected -> Text(
+                    stringResource(R.string.mqtt_usecase_not_connected),
+                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                )
+                alerts.isEmpty() -> Text(
+                    stringResource(R.string.mqtt_usecase_none_active),
+                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                )
+                else -> Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)) {
+                    alerts.forEach { alert -> UseCaseAlertRow(alert) }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/** Maps a use case to its human-readable narrative string resource (Section 10.4). */
+private fun UseCaseType.narrativeStringRes(): Int = when (this) {
+    UseCaseType.IMA_B       -> R.string.usecase_narrative_ima_b
+    UseCaseType.IMA_S       -> R.string.usecase_narrative_ima_s
+    UseCaseType.RTW_B       -> R.string.usecase_narrative_rtw_b
+    UseCaseType.LTW_B       -> R.string.usecase_narrative_ltw_b
+    UseCaseType.SMVA_BCW_B  -> R.string.usecase_narrative_smva_bcw_b
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun UseCaseAlertRow(alert: UseCaseAlert) {
+    val (fg, bg) = when (alert.alertLevel) {
+        AlertLevel.WARNING   -> WarningRed to WarningRedBg
+        AlertLevel.AWARENESS -> AwarenessAmber to AwarenessAmberBg
+        AlertLevel.INFO      -> InfoBlue to InfoBlueBg
+    }
+    Row(
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
+    ) {
+        Surface(color = bg, shape = RoundedCornerShape(4.dp)) {
+            Text(
+                text = alert.alertLevel.name,
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+                color = fg,
+                fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
+                fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace,
+                modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 6.dp, vertical = 2.dp),
+            )
+        }
+        Column(modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)) {
+            // Primary, human-readable line — what the rider actually needs to read at a glance.
+            Text(
+                text = stringResource(alert.useCase.narrativeStringRes(), alert.timeToConflictSec),
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
+                fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface,
+            )
+            // Secondary technical line — use case ID + the raw numbers + which signal fired
+            // (yaw-rate / heading-trend / static-heuristic / distance-trend), so the detection
+            // logic stays verifiable rather than a black box.
+            Text(
+                text = "${alert.useCase.label}  ·  " + stringResource(
+                    R.string.mqtt_usecase_detail,
+                    alert.remoteStationId,
+                    alert.distanceMeters,
+                    alert.closingSpeedMps,
+                    alert.timeToConflictSec,
+                    alert.signalNote,
+                ),
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 // ── Connection status chip ────────────────────────────────────────────────────

@Composable
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.FiberManualRecord
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.TableChart
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Stop
+import androidx.compose.material3.AlertDialog
 import androidx.compose.material3.Button
 import androidx.compose.material3.OutlinedButton
 import androidx.compose.material3.ButtonDefaults
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ import androidx.compose.material3.HorizontalDivider
 import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.material3.TextButton
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
@@ -44,10 +46,33 @@ fun RecordingScreen(
    state: SensorUiState,
    mqttConnectionState: MqttConnectionState,
    tripServiceState: TripServiceBus.State,
+    showBatteryOptPrompt: Boolean,
    onToggleRecording: () -> Unit,
    onOpenSessionLog: () -> Unit,
+    onOpenBatterySettings: () -> Unit,
+    onDismissBatteryOptPrompt: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
 ) {
+    if (showBatteryOptPrompt) {
+        AlertDialog(
+            onDismissRequest = {},  // force explicit choice
+            title = { Text("Allow background GPS") },
+            text  = {
+                Text(
+                    "To keep GPS running when the screen turns off during a ride, " +
+                    "exempt MicrOBU from battery optimisation. " +
+                    "The app will only use this during active recording."
+                )
+            },
+            confirmButton = {
+                Button(onClick = onOpenBatterySettings) { Text("Open settings") }
+            },
+            dismissButton = {
+                TextButton(onClick = onDismissBatteryOptPrompt) { Text("Don't show again") }
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
    Column(
        modifier = modifier
            .fillMaxSize()
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
@@ -38,9 +39,10 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontWeight
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.R
-import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.readSessionCsvContent
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.saveSessionCsvToUri
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.sessionFileName
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.shareSessionCsv
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.RecordingSession
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.SensorUiState
 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ fun SessionLogScreen(
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
 ) {
    val context = LocalContext.current
+    val scope   = rememberCoroutineScope()
    var pendingDelete by remember { mutableStateOf<RecordingSession?>(null) }
    var pendingSave   by remember { mutableStateOf<RecordingSession?>(null) }

@@ -64,8 +67,8 @@ fun SessionLogScreen(
    ) { uri ->
        uri ?: return@rememberLauncherForActivityResult
        val session = pendingSave ?: return@rememberLauncherForActivityResult
-        context.contentResolver.openOutputStream(uri)?.use { it.write(readSessionCsvContent(context, session).toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8)) }
        pendingSave = null
+        scope.launch { saveSessionCsvToUri(context, session, uri) }
    }

    pendingDelete?.let { session ->
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ fun SessionLogScreen(
                    SessionCard(
                        session = session,
                        index = state.sessions.size - index,
-                        onShare = { shareSessionCsv(context, session) },
+                        onShare = { scope.launch { shareSessionCsv(context, session) } },
                        onSaveToDevice = { pendingSave = session; saveLauncher.launch(sessionFileName(session)) },
                        onDelete = { pendingDelete = session },
                    )
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import androidx.core.os.LocaleListCompat
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.R
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttPrefs
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.UseCaseDetectionConfig
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.UseCaseType
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel.SensorUiState

 private data class LangOption(val tag: String, val flag: String, val labelRes: Int)
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ fun SettingsScreen(
    onOpenUnits: () -> Unit,
    onOpenConnection: () -> Unit,
    onOpenMqtt: () -> Unit,
+    onOpenUseCaseAlerts: () -> Unit,
    onOpenDeveloper: () -> Unit,
    onOpenAbout: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
@@ -99,6 +102,8 @@ fun SettingsScreen(
                RowDivider()
                MenuRow(stringResource(R.string.settings_mqtt_section), onOpenMqtt)
                RowDivider()
+                MenuRow(stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_alerts), onOpenUseCaseAlerts)
+                RowDivider()
                MenuRow(stringResource(R.string.settings_developer),    onOpenDeveloper)
                RowDivider()
                MenuRow(stringResource(R.string.settings_about),        onOpenAbout)
@@ -284,7 +289,57 @@ fun MqttSettingsScreen(
 ) {
    SubScreen(stringResource(R.string.settings_mqtt_section), onBack) {
        SectionCard {
-            MqttSettingsSection(prefs = mqttPrefs, onChange = onMqttPrefsChange)
+            MqttSettingsSection(prefs = mqttPrefs, onChange = onMqttPrefsChange, onSave = onBack)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@Composable
+fun UseCaseAlertsSettingsScreen(
+    enabledMap: Map<UseCaseType, Boolean>,
+    onToggle: (UseCaseType, Boolean) -> Unit,
+    onBack: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    val config = remember { UseCaseDetectionConfig() }
+
+    SubScreen(stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_alerts), onBack) {
+        Text(
+            stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_alerts_desc),
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        )
+
+        SectionCard {
+            UseCaseType.entries.forEachIndexed { index, type ->
+                SettingToggleRow(
+                    label = "${type.label}  ·  ${type.c2cId}",
+                    checked = enabledMap[type] ?: true,
+                    onCheckedChange = { onToggle(type, it) },
+                )
+                if (index != UseCaseType.entries.lastIndex) Divider()
+            }
+        }
+
+        Text(
+            stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_alert_levels_title),
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        )
+        SectionCard {
+            DisabledRow(
+                stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_level_warning),
+                stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_ttc_le, config.ttcWarningSec),
+            )
+            Divider()
+            DisabledRow(
+                stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_level_awareness),
+                stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_ttc_le, config.ttcAwarenessSec),
+            )
+            Divider()
+            DisabledRow(
+                stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_level_info),
+                stringResource(R.string.settings_usecase_ttc_le, config.ttcInfoSec),
+            )
        }
    }
 }
@@ -334,7 +389,11 @@ private fun SectionCard(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
 }

@Composable
-private fun MqttSettingsSection(prefs: MqttPrefs, onChange: (MqttPrefs) -> Unit) {
+private fun MqttSettingsSection(
+    prefs: MqttPrefs,
+    onChange: (MqttPrefs) -> Unit,
+    onSave: () -> Unit = {},
+) {
    // Key each state to the corresponding saved pref so fields re-sync after an
    // external save (e.g. via the Save button), while preserving in-progress edits.
    var ip              by remember(prefs.brokerIp)   { mutableStateOf(prefs.brokerIp) }
@@ -401,6 +460,7 @@ private fun MqttSettingsSection(prefs: MqttPrefs, onChange: (MqttPrefs) -> Unit)
                    password   = password,
                )
            )
+            onSave()
        },
        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
    ) {
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel

 import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
 import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
-import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MessageDirection
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.cam.CamUseCaseRepository
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttConnectionState
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttMessage
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttPreferences
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttPrefs
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.mqtt.MqttRepository
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.transport.TransportType
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.transport.UsbNetworkDetector
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.denm.DenmUseCase
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.UseCaseAlert
+import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.domain.usecase.UseCaseType
 import dagger.hilt.android.lifecycle.HiltViewModel
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.SharingStarted
@@ -17,29 +20,23 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.stateIn
-import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.update
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import org.json.JSONObject
 import javax.inject.Inject

-private const val MAX_MESSAGES_PER_TOPIC = 50
-
-private const val DENM_CTRL_TOPIC = "v2x-uca/input/denmtrg"
-private const val DENM_USE_CASE   = "hln-sv"
-
@HiltViewModel
 class MqttViewModel @Inject constructor(
    private val repo: MqttRepository,
    private val prefs: MqttPreferences,
    private val usbDetector: UsbNetworkDetector,
+    private val camUseCaseRepository: CamUseCaseRepository,
 ) : ViewModel() {

    // ── MQTT connection & messages ────────────────────────────────────────────

    val connectionState: StateFlow<MqttConnectionState> = repo.connectionState

-    private val _topicMessages = MutableStateFlow<Map<String, List<MqttMessage>>>(emptyMap())
-    val topicMessages: StateFlow<Map<String, List<MqttMessage>>> = _topicMessages.asStateFlow()
+    val topicMessages: StateFlow<Map<String, List<MqttMessage>>> = repo.topicMessages

    private val _selectedTopic = MutableStateFlow<String?>(null)
    val selectedTopic: StateFlow<String?> = _selectedTopic.asStateFlow()
@@ -69,11 +66,16 @@ class MqttViewModel @Inject constructor(

    // ── OBU identity (parsed from v2x/rx/obu_gnss own_info) ──────────────────

-    private val _obuStationType = MutableStateFlow<Int?>(null)
    /**
     * stationType from the OBU's own_info (v2x/rx/obu_gnss). Should be 2 (cyclist/VRU) per
     * ETSI EN 302 637-2 Table 1. Null until the first obu_gnss message arrives.
     */
+    private val _obuStationType = MutableStateFlow<Int?>(null)
+
+    /**
+     * The raw stationType value last reported by the OBU. Null until the first
+     * obu_gnss message arrives. Exposed so the UI can show the actual value.
+     */
    val obuStationType: StateFlow<Int?> = _obuStationType.asStateFlow()

    /**
@@ -87,30 +89,42 @@ class MqttViewModel @Inject constructor(

    // ── DENM transmission ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────

-    private val _denmActive = MutableStateFlow(false)
-    /** True while the DENM use case is actively broadcasting on the OBU. */
-    val denmActive: StateFlow<Boolean> = _denmActive.asStateFlow()
+    /** True while a DENM use case is actively broadcasting on the OBU. */
+    val denmActive: StateFlow<Boolean> = repo.denmActive

-    private val _lastDenmPayload = MutableStateFlow<String?>(null)
    /** JSON string of the most recently transmitted DENM control message. */
-    val lastDenmPayload: StateFlow<String?> = _lastDenmPayload.asStateFlow()
+    val lastDenmPayload: StateFlow<String?> = repo.lastDenmPayload

-    /** Tracks which use case is currently active so Stop uses the same usecase field. */
-    private var activeDenmUseCase: String? = null
+    /** The use case id currently active on the OBU, if any (e.g. for showing in the UI). */
+    val activeDenmUseCase: StateFlow<String?> = repo.activeDenmUseCase
+
+    // ── CAM-based Use Case Detection (Section 10.2 / 10.4) ────────────────────
+    // Entirely separate from the DENM transmission above: this consumes CAM only, raises
+    // local HMI alerts, and never triggers an outbound V2X message.
+
+    /** The ego OBU's own station ID, learned from v2x/rx/obu_gnss's own_info. */
+    val ownStationId: StateFlow<Long?> = camUseCaseRepository.ownStationId
+
+    /** Active CAM-based use case alerts, filtered to the use cases enabled in Settings. */
+    val useCaseAlerts: StateFlow<List<UseCaseAlert>> = camUseCaseRepository.enabledAlerts
+
+    /** Per-use-case enable/disable state (Settings > Use Case Alerts). */
+    val useCaseEnabledMap: StateFlow<Map<UseCaseType, Boolean>> = camUseCaseRepository.enabledMap
+
+    /** True if [stationId] is the ego OBU's own — used for OWN/REMOTE badges in the raw message list. */
+    fun isOwnStationId(stationId: Long): Boolean = camUseCaseRepository.isOwnStationId(stationId)
+
+    fun setUseCaseEnabled(type: UseCaseType, enabled: Boolean) {
+        camUseCaseRepository.setUseCaseEnabled(type, enabled)
+    }

    // ── Init ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    init {
        viewModelScope.launch {
+            // Per-topic message lists now live in MqttRepository (survives screen close);
+            // here we just watch for own_info to track the OBU's reported stationType.
            repo.messages.collect { msg ->
-                // Route into per-topic message lists
-                _topicMessages.update { current ->
-                    val updated = ((current[msg.topic] ?: emptyList()) + msg)
-                        .takeLast(MAX_MESSAGES_PER_TOPIC)
-                    current + (msg.topic to updated)
-                }
-
-                // Check stationType from own_info — must be 2 (cyclist/VRU)
                if (msg.topic == "v2x/rx/obu_gnss") {
                    runCatching {
                        val stType = JSONObject(msg.payload)
@@ -139,52 +153,19 @@ class MqttViewModel @Inject constructor(

    /**
     * Publish a uca-denmctrl activate message with the retain flag so the OBU's Use Case app
-     * receives it on any (re)connect. Only one use case may be active at a time.
+     * receives it on any (re)connect. Only one use case may be active at a time
+     * (no-op if another use case, manual or automatic, is already active).
     */
-    fun sendDenm(useCase: String = DENM_USE_CASE) {
-        if (_denmActive.value) return   // prevent concurrent activations
-        val payload = buildDenmPayload(useCase = useCase, active = true)
-        _lastDenmPayload.value  = payload
-        _denmActive.value       = true
-        activeDenmUseCase       = useCase
-        emitTxMessage(DENM_CTRL_TOPIC, payload)
-        repo.publishRetained(DENM_CTRL_TOPIC, payload)
+    fun sendDenm(useCase: String = DenmUseCase.STATIONARY.id) {
+        repo.activateDenm(useCase)
    }

    /**
-     * Publish a uca-denmctrl deactivate message (retained).
-     * Uses the same usecase string as the activate call so the OBU phases out the correct DENM.
+     * Publish a uca-denmctrl deactivate message (retained) for whichever use case is
+     * currently active.
     */
    fun stopDenm() {
-        if (!_denmActive.value) return
-        val useCase             = activeDenmUseCase ?: DENM_USE_CASE
-        val payload             = buildDenmPayload(useCase = useCase, active = false)
-        _lastDenmPayload.value  = payload
-        _denmActive.value       = false
-        activeDenmUseCase       = null
-        emitTxMessage(DENM_CTRL_TOPIC, payload)
-        repo.publishRetained(DENM_CTRL_TOPIC, payload)
-    }
-
-    private fun buildDenmPayload(useCase: String, active: Boolean): String =
-        """{"type":"uca-denmctrl","active":$active,"usecase":"$useCase","params":{}}"""
-
-    /**
-     * Inject a synthetic TX [MqttMessage] into the local topic map so outbound messages
-     * appear in the V2X Monitor alongside received traffic.
-     */
-    private fun emitTxMessage(topic: String, payload: String) {
-        val msg = MqttMessage(
-            topic     = topic,
-            payload   = payload,
-            timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(),
-            direction = MessageDirection.TX,
-        )
-        _topicMessages.update { current ->
-            val updated = ((current[topic] ?: emptyList()) + msg)
-                .takeLast(MAX_MESSAGES_PER_TOPIC)
-            current + (topic to updated)
-        }
+        repo.deactivateDenm()
    }

    // ── Lifecycle ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.viewmodel

 import android.app.Application
+import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
+import android.os.PowerManager
 import androidx.lifecycle.AndroidViewModel
 import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
 import com.hawhamburg.micr0bu.data.TripRepository
@@ -27,6 +29,32 @@ class TripRecordingViewModel(application: Application) : AndroidViewModel(applic

    private val repository = TripRepository(AppDatabase.getInstance(application))

+    // ── Battery optimisation prompt ───────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Shown once on the Recording screen to ask the user to exempt the app so
+    // GPS callbacks are not throttled when the screen turns off during a trip.
+    // "Don't show again" persists across sessions via SharedPreferences.
+
+    private val appPrefs = application.getSharedPreferences("app_prefs", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
+    private val pm = application.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE) as PowerManager
+
+    private val _showBatteryOptPrompt = MutableStateFlow(shouldShowBatteryPrompt())
+    val showBatteryOptPrompt: StateFlow<Boolean> = _showBatteryOptPrompt.asStateFlow()
+
+    private fun shouldShowBatteryPrompt(): Boolean =
+        !pm.isIgnoringBatteryOptimizations(getApplication<Application>().packageName) &&
+        !appPrefs.getBoolean("battery_opt_dismissed", false)
+
+    /** Called when user taps "Don't show again" — suppresses the prompt permanently. */
+    fun dismissBatteryOptPrompt() {
+        appPrefs.edit().putBoolean("battery_opt_dismissed", true).apply()
+        _showBatteryOptPrompt.value = false
+    }
+
+    /** Re-checks the system state — call after returning from battery settings. */
+    fun recheckBatteryOpt() {
+        _showBatteryOptPrompt.value = shouldShowBatteryPrompt()
+    }
+
    // ── Service state (live during a recording) ───────────────────────────────

    /** Live recording state forwarded from [TripServiceBus]. */
@@ -165,18 +165,40 @@
    <string name="mqtt_no_topics_hint">Mit der OBU verbinden und auf V2X-Verkehr warten</string>
    <string name="mqtt_no_messages">Noch keine Nachrichten zu diesem Thema</string>

-    <!-- DENM TX -->
+    <!-- DENM TX — nur manueller Antennen-/RSU-Reichweitentest, nicht Use-Case-gesteuert -->
    <string name="mqtt_last_tx">Zuletzt gesendete Nutzlast:</string>
-    <string name="mqtt_denm_tx_title">DENM-Übertragung</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_denm_tx_title">DENM-Übertragung (manueller Test)</string>
    <string name="mqtt_send_denm">Test-DENM senden</string>
    <string name="mqtt_stop_denm">DENM stoppen</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_use_case_desc">Liegengebliebenes Fahrzeug (causeCode 94)</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_not_connected">Mit OBU verbinden, um DENM-Auslösung zu aktivieren</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_active">DENM aktiv — OBU sendet über ITS-G5</string>
-    <string name="mqtt_denm_hint">Sendet uca-denmctrl (retained) an v2x-uca/input/denmtrg</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_denm_hint">Manueller Antennen-/RSU-Reichweitentest — sendet uca-denmctrl (retained) an v2x-uca/input/denmtrg. Wird nicht durch erkannte Ereignisse oder Use-Case-Alarme ausgelöst.</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_show">Letztes TX anzeigen</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_hide">Ausblenden</string>

+    <!-- CAM-basiertes Use-Case-Alarm-Panel -->
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_panel_title">CAM-Use-Case-Alarme</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_not_connected">Mit OBU verbinden, um CAM-basierte Use Cases auszuwerten</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_none_active">Keine aktiven Use-Case-Alarme</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_detail">Station %1$d  ·  %2$.0f m  ·  Annäherung %3$.1f m/s  ·  TTC %4$.1f s  ·  %5$s</string>
+
+    <!-- Verständliche Use-Case-Beschreibungen -->
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_ima_b">Kreuzendes Fahrzeug — %1$.0f s bis Konflikt</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_ima_s">Stehendes Fahrzeug könnte losfahren — %1$.0f s</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_rtw_b">Auto biegt rechts auf dich zu — %1$.0f s</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_ltw_b">Auto biegt links auf dich zu — %1$.0f s</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_smva_bcw_b">Schnell nahendes Fahrzeug — %1$.0f s</string>
+
+    <!-- Einstellungen > Use Case Alerts -->
+    <string name="settings_usecase_alerts">Use Case Alerts</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_alerts_desc">Ein-/Ausschalten pro Use Case für das CAM-basierte Use-Case-Alarm-Panel im V2X-Monitor. Alle Use Cases sind CAM-only — keiner löst ein DENM aus.</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_alert_levels_title">Alarmstufen-Schwellenwerte (nur lesend)</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_level_warning">Warning</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_level_awareness">Awareness</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_level_info">Info</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_ttc_le">≤ %1$.0f s bis Konflikt</string>
+
    <!-- Dashboard transport -->
    <string name="dash_transport_usbc">USB-C</string>
    <string name="dash_transport_wifi">WLAN</string>
@@ -166,18 +166,40 @@
    <string name="mqtt_no_topics_hint">Connect to the OBU and wait for V2X traffic</string>
    <string name="mqtt_no_messages">No messages on this topic yet</string>

-    <!-- DENM TX -->
+    <!-- DENM TX — manual antenna/RSU-range test tool only, not use-case-driven -->
    <string name="mqtt_last_tx">Last transmitted payload:</string>
-    <string name="mqtt_denm_tx_title">DENM Transmission</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_denm_tx_title">DENM Transmission (Manual Test)</string>
    <string name="mqtt_send_denm">Send Test DENM</string>
    <string name="mqtt_stop_denm">Stop DENM</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_use_case_desc">Aftermarket Stationary Vehicle (causeCode 94)</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_not_connected">Connect to the OBU to enable DENM triggering</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_active">DENM active — OBU broadcasting via ITS-G5</string>
-    <string name="mqtt_denm_hint">Publishes uca-denmctrl (retained) to v2x-uca/input/denmtrg</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_denm_hint">Manual antenna/RSU range test — publishes uca-denmctrl (retained) to v2x-uca/input/denmtrg. Not triggered by detected events or use case alerts.</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_show">Show last TX</string>
    <string name="mqtt_denm_hide">Hide</string>

+    <!-- CAM-based Use Case Alert panel -->
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_panel_title">CAM Use Case Alerts</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_not_connected">Connect to the OBU to evaluate CAM-based use cases</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_none_active">No active use case alerts</string>
+    <string name="mqtt_usecase_detail">Station %1$d  ·  %2$.0f m  ·  closing %3$.1f m/s  ·  TTC %4$.1f s  ·  %5$s</string>
+
+    <!-- Human-readable use-case narratives (Section 10.4 — not just raw JSON) -->
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_ima_b">Crossing vehicle ahead — %1$.0f s to conflict</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_ima_s">Stopped vehicle may pull out — %1$.0f s</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_rtw_b">Car turning right toward you — %1$.0f s</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_ltw_b">Car turning left toward you — %1$.0f s</string>
+    <string name="usecase_narrative_smva_bcw_b">Fast-closing vehicle nearby — %1$.0f s</string>
+
+    <!-- Settings > Use Case Alerts -->
+    <string name="settings_usecase_alerts">Use Case Alerts</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_alerts_desc">Per-use-case enable/disable for the CAM-based Use Case Alert panel on the V2X Monitor screen. All use cases are CAM-only — none of them trigger a DENM.</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_alert_levels_title">Alert level thresholds (read-only)</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_level_warning">Warning</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_level_awareness">Awareness</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_level_info">Info</string>
+    <string name="settings_usecase_ttc_le">≤ %1$.0f s to conflict</string>
+
    <!-- Dashboard transport -->
    <string name="dash_transport_usbc">USB-C</string>
    <string name="dash_transport_wifi">Wi-Fi</string>